Abstract
We predict the formation of multiple excited negative ionic states in low-energy 0 ≤ E ≤ 1.0 eV electron elastic scattering from Tm, Lu and Hf atoms. Their binding energies (BEs) are extracted from calculated elastic total and differential cross sections. Ramsauer-Townsend minima and shape resonances are also determined. The recent Regge-pole methodology has been used for the calculations. We conclude that the recently calculated BE value of 0.114 eV for the Hf− anion [1] corresponds to an excited state.
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