Abstract
Considering a heterogeneous network (HetNet) where both macro base station (BS) and small cell (SC) nodes are equipped with large-scale antenna arrays, this paper studies the performance of the BS and SC multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) downlink systems when the macro and small cells share the same spectrum and hence interfere with each other. Suppose that the large-scale antenna arrays at both macro BS and SC nodes employ maximum-ratio transmission (MRT) precoding and then transmit data streams to their served users simultaneously. Taking into account imperfect channel state information (CSI) obtained by channel estimation, downlink capacity lower bounds for a user in the macro cell and for a user in a small cell are derived as closed-form expressions involving only statistical CSI. Then, two user scheduling algorithms are proposed according to the derived lower bounds. The closed-form expressions for the achievable rates are verified to be accurate predictors for the system performance by Monte-Carlo simulations. Furthermore, numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed user scheduling schemes.
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