Abstract
Background:Metastasis represents a deadly aspect of any cancer including breast cancer, given its high prevalence; treatment of metastatic breast cancer remains a clinically unmet need, which necessitates the exploration of metastasis suppressor genes (MSGs). KAI-1/CD82 is an important member of MSGs; the role of KAI1 has been well explored in prostate cancer, however its role in breast cancer is not fully explored and in fact the results of breast cancer studies are contentious. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate expression of KAI1 at both transcriptional and translational levels in the tissue of breast cancer patients and benign breast disease. Further, we analysed the relationship between expression levels of KAI1 and clinicopathological parameters in breast cancer patients. Materials and Methods: mRNA expression was studied by Real time PCR and protein expression was analyzed by both Western blot and Immunohistochemistry. Results:The results of the study indicate that KAI1 expression was remarkably decreased in breast cancer both at the gene and the protein levels (P < 0.05) compared to benign breast disease. In addition, KAI1 expression levels were strongly associated with axillary lymph node status and advanced T stage (p < 0.05), however no association was found with tumor grade, age, menopausal status and receptor status like ER, PR and Her2. Conclusion:Low expression of KAI1 might be helpful for predicting the lymph node metastasis and T staging, thus predicts malignant prognosis of breast cancer.
Highlights
Despite of the extensive progress in the screening methods, early diagnosis and myriad advancements in the treatment of breast cancer, it still remains the most predominant cause of cancer associated mortality in women globally (Gucalp et al, 2014)
KAI-1/CD82 is an important member of metastasis suppressor genes (MSGs); the role of KAI1 has been well explored in prostate cancer, its role in breast cancer is not fully explored and the results of breast cancer studies are contentious
In this study we have explored the expression levels of KAI-1 in breast carcinoma and benign breast disease patients and investigated for association between KAI-1 and clinicopathological parameters in the patients of breast cancer
Summary
Despite of the extensive progress in the screening methods, early diagnosis and myriad advancements in the treatment of breast cancer, it still remains the most predominant cause of cancer associated mortality in women globally (Gucalp et al, 2014). Metastasis continues to be the most lethal and ubiquitous aspect of several cancers including breast cancer and results in the failure of direct treatment. Metastasis represents a deadly aspect of any cancer including breast cancer, given its high prevalence; treatment of metastatic breast cancer remains a clinically unmet need, which necessitates the exploration of metastasis suppressor genes (MSGs). The present study aimed to investigate expression of KAI1 at both transcriptional and translational levels in the tissue of breast cancer patients and benign breast disease. Results: The results of the study indicate that KAI1 expression was remarkably decreased in breast cancer both at the gene and the protein levels (P < 0.05) compared to benign breast disease. Conclusion: Low expression of KAI1 might be helpful for predicting the lymph node metastasis and T staging, predicts malignant prognosis of breast cancer
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