Abstract
A numerical solution is presented for the effects of chemical reaction, thermal radiation, Soret number, Dufour number and magnetic field on double-diffusion free convection flow along a sphere. The governing boundary-layer equations of the problem are formulated and transformed into non-similar form. The obtained equations are solved numerically by an efficient, iterative, tri-diagonal, implicit finite-difference method. The Roseland approximation is used to describe the radiative heat flux in the energy equation. Representative results for the fluid velocity, temperature and solute concentration profiles as well as the local heat and mass transfer rates for various values of the physical parameters are displayed in both graphical and tabular forms.
Highlights
Double-diffusive convection which is a consequence of buoyancy effects caused by diffusion of heat and chemical species finds applications in a variety of engineering processes such as heat exchanger devices, petroleum reservoirs, chemical catalytic reactors and processes, nuclear waste repositories and others
In most cases of chemical reactions, the reaction rate depends on the concentration of the species itself
The accuracy of the aforementioned numerical method was validated by direct comparisons with the numerical results reported earlier by Huang and Chen [23] and Cheng [24] in the absence of magnetic field, thermal radiation, Soret and Dufour and concentration buoyancy effects
Summary
Double-diffusive convection which is a consequence of buoyancy effects caused by diffusion of heat and chemical species finds applications in a variety of engineering processes such as heat exchanger devices, petroleum reservoirs, chemical catalytic reactors and processes, nuclear waste repositories and others. The study of heat and mass transfer processes is useful for improving a number of chemical technologies such as polymer production and food processing. The presence of pure air or water is impossible as some foreign species (possibly chemically reacting) may be present either naturally or intentionally mixed with air or water. Chemical reactions can be classified as either heterogeneous or homogeneous processes. This depends on whether they occur at an interface or as a single phase volume reaction. In well-mixed systems, the reaction is heterogeneous if it takes place at an interface and homogeneous if it takes place in solution. In most cases of chemical reactions, the reaction rate depends on the concentration of the species itself
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