Abstract
A double reinforced layer on an aluminum alloy surface was produced using friction stir processing (FSP) by adding 34CrNiMo6 powder into Al (AA2024) substrate for better wear resistance and gradient transitions. The microstructures of the composites were analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The phase composition was examined by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results show that the double reinforced layer of the Al13Fe4 intermetallic compound could be successfully fabricated via FSP. The volume fraction of Al13Fe4 in the double reinforced layer was higher than in the single reinforced layer due to adding 34CrNiMo6 powder and reinforced twice, and the Al13Fe4 particles were dispersed more homogeneously in the double reinforced layer. The interfaces between the double and single reinforced layer had a good metallurgical bond. The microhardness of the double reinforcement layer was significantly increased. Compared with the AA2024 substrate, the microhardness of the double and single reinforced layers increased five- (576 HV) and two-fold (254 HV), respectively.
Highlights
Aluminum and its alloys have been widely used in aviation, aerospace, high-speed trains, high-speed ships, and other industrial fields given their versatile properties [1]
Friction stir processing (FSP) is a relatively novel multifunctional metal working method used to fabricate the surface hardening layer, which was developed on principles of friction stir welding (FSW) [5]
The initial materials were an annealed AA2024 aluminum plate (300 mm × 50 mm × 10 mm), with a chemical composition as shown in Table 1, and 34CrNiMo6 powder (94–125 μm) which contains with a chemical composition as shown in Table 1, and 34CrNiMo6 powder (94–125 μm) which
Summary
Aluminum and its alloys have been widely used in aviation, aerospace, high-speed trains, high-speed ships, and other industrial fields given their versatile properties [1]. The hardness and wear resistance of aluminum and its alloys need further improvement in modern engineering applications. Researchers must improve the corresponding properties of Al alloys [2,3,4]. The fabrication of surface hardening layers is the primary means of improving its wear resistance. Surface hardening layers are not produced by thermal spraying and surfacing due to the low melting point and high thermal expansion coefficient of aluminum. Friction stir processing (FSP) is a relatively novel multifunctional metal working method used to fabricate the surface hardening layer, which was developed on principles of friction stir welding (FSW) [5]
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