Abstract
In order to effectively solve the supply-demand imbalance of the grid caused by intermittent new energy penetration and improve the scheduling flexibility of virtual power plants, a two-layer optimization model of virtual power plants with source-load-storage is proposed. The upper layer of the model is designed to reduce the forecast error of wind power output and improve the revenue of the virtual power plant. On the basis of the maximum wind power consumption, distributed energy storage and fuel cells are used to coordinate and compensate for the deviation between the planned and actual output of renewable energy. The active output of the upper layer is transferred to the lower layer. The lower layer of the model is solved by using the improved linear decreasing inertia weight particle swarm algorithm for the output of the gas turbine unit. The analysis results show that the model can absorb the excess new energy generation in the grid, achieve the balance of supply and demand regulation in the grid, and effectively reduce the economic operation cost of the system.
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