Abstract
Donnan dialysis with ion-exchange membranes was studied under various kinds of experimental conditions using ions of different valences. The diffusion coefficients (D d) of various kinds of ions in the ion-exchange membrane were obtained by curve fitting an equation derived from the mass balance to three kinds of Donnan dialytic experiments. It was found that the value of D d/D s using D d of monovalent ions in Donnan dialysis with a set of monovalent feed ions and bivalent driving ions was 1/175, where D s represents a diffusion coefficient in solution. D s was calculated from the Nernst-Einstein equation substituted by the ionic conductance of ions at infinite dilution in water. Using D d of bivalent ions in Donnan dialysis with the same set led to a D d/D s value of 1/438. Moreover, using D d in Donnan dialysis with the same set, the value of D d/D e was kept constant at 0.4 (D e expresses the diffusion coefficient in the membrane when the valences of the feed and driving ions are equal). On the other hand, both D d/D s and D d/D e using D d in Donnan dialysis with a set of bivalent feed ions and monovalent driving ions were not constant.
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