Abstract
This chapter introduces the role of dry sliding friction in conventional road vehicle disc and drum brakes. It describes how modern friction materials are designed, manufactured and used to rub against a mating body to form a’friction pair’, which generates consistent and reliable retarding torque to decelerate the vehicle. After introducing some historical context and the basic science of sliding friction, it focuses on the conventional automotive brake friction pair comprising resin-bonded composite friction material operating against a cast-iron rotor (brake drum or disc); other types of friction pair are only briefly described. The constituents of friction materials and their function are explained, an outline of processing practice is given, and examples of thermophysical properties are discussed. The coefficient of friction (μ) between the friction material and the rotor is the most important brake design parameter and the influence of operating parameters, especially temperature, on μ and other properties is explained.
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