Abstract
Plant filtering techniques have proved to be appropriate solutions in the treatment of wastewater. In addition, the effluents can be re-used in water-deficient areas, in urban settings as well as in rural agricultural areas. The influent from the secondary black water pilot scale filtration basins (RALBI) was treated during a six-month study. The study shows the elimination of different pollutants from black water effluents with the effectiveness of 46.9–63.26% COD and 31.72–60% of the NH4+ concentrations. We also tested the performance of Arundo donax on the adsorption of nitrogen compounds. The rate of COD removal for the control was 0.0185gCOD/m2/d and 0.012gCOD/m2/d for the planted filters, while the mean loading rate of the influent was 0.317g/d. The rate of NH4-N removal for the control was 0.0152gNH4-N/m2/d and 0.0127gNH4-N/m2/d for the planted filters, while the mean loading rate of the influent was 0.271g/d. Then, a concentration of 101.77–176.44mg/L of nitrate was measured in the treated effluent. In addition, meaningful reduction of fecal coliforms and streptococci was achieved and reached over 95%. The quality of treated effluents has shown that the use of planted filters as a post-treatment stage is an efficient and inexpensive technology for the treatment of wastewater in small urban and rural communities.
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