Domain walls and their interactions in a two-component Bose–Einstein condensate**Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11775176), the Major Basic Research Program of the Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province, China (Grant No. 2018KJXX-094), and the Key Innovative Research Team of Quantum Many-Body Theory and Quantum Control in Shaanxi Province, China (Grant No. 2017KCT-12).

Abstract

We investigate domain wall excitations in a two-component Bose–Einstein condensate with two-body interactions and pair-transition effects. It is shown that domain wall excitations can be described exactly by kink and anti-kink excitations in each component. The domain wall solutions are given analytically, which exist with different conditions compared with the domain wall reported before. Bubble-droplet structure can be also obtained from the fundamental domain wall, and their interactions are investigated analytically. Especially, domain wall interactions demonstrate some striking particle transition dynamics. These striking transition effects make the domain wall admit quite different collision behavior, in contrast to the collision between solitons or other nonlinear waves. The collisions between kinks induce some phase shift, which makes the domain wall change greatly. Their collisions can be elastic or inelastic with proper combination of fundamental domain walls. These characters can be used to manipulate one domain wall by interacting with other ones.