Abstract
The local domain structure and surface potential of Pb(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3–9%PbTiO3 (PZN–9%PT) single crystals were investigated by Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) and piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM), respectively. The results confirm the existence of the screening layer on the surface of the material. The relaxation of the surface potential and its relation to polarization switching within the poled regions in air and argon gas were analyzed. It is found that the surface potential increases with the poling voltage to a limited range. Comparing the relaxation behavior in ambient air with that in argon gas, we find that the relaxation time in argon is much shorter than that in air, and the relaxation in air is dominated by the space charge transport phenomena. In addition, the results show that the injected charges have significant effects on the pinning of the polarization in PZN–PT single crystals.
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