Abstract

Modern cosmology is built on the concept of the spatial expansion of the Universe. And the current astronomical observation is consistent with this paradigm. However, the expansion of the Universe is an expansion relative to matter. Therefore, in this work we try to switch the viewpoint from the spatial expansion of the Universe to the shrinkage of the size of matter during the evolution of the Universe, by employing Einstein’s general relativity and performing a conformal transformation of the metric. The effect of the size shrinkage of matter is then through the variation of the physical parameters/constants in a coordinated way. From this alternative viewpoint, there are advantages in realizing the evolution of the Universe, and also in better understanding Dirac’s large number hypothesis.

Highlights

  • Based on the astronomical observations, besides the Universe being composed of mostly dark matter and dark energy with only 4% ordinary matter [1], modern cosmology describes the evolution of the Universe as being expanding [2] after its big bang [3] and a cosmic inflation [4]

  • We try to explore this possibility of and the mechanism for the size shrinkage of matter during the evolution of the Universe. We find that this paradigm is possible but can be realized with the variation of the physical constants

  • It made all the related physical interactions become extremely strong in the Universe such that the effect from the spatial distance between matter was relatively extremely small compared with the coupling strengths of the interactions

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Summary

Introduction

Based on the astronomical observations, besides the Universe being composed of mostly dark matter and dark energy with only 4% ordinary matter [1], modern cosmology describes the evolution of the Universe as being expanding [2] after its big bang [3] and a cosmic inflation [4]. The expansion rate of the Universe is increasing with time [5] [6] This achievement in modern cosmology is so tremendous, there still exist many interesting questions to be answered. The latter one has ever been considered before. We try to explore this possibility of and the mechanism for the size shrinkage of matter during the evolution of the Universe. We find that this paradigm is possible but can be realized with the variation of the physical constants.

Standard Treatment
Conformal Treatment
Varying Constants
Discussion
Conclusion
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