Abstract
Allergic rhinitis (AR) is the most common chronic disorder in the pediatric population. Although several studies have investigated the correlation between AR and sleep-related issues, the association between the duration and time of sleep and AR has not been analyzed in long-term national data. This study investigated the relationship between sleep time and duration and AR risk in middle- and high-school students (adolescents aged 12–18). We analyzed national data from the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention from 2007–2012. The sample size was 274,480, with an average response rate of 96.2%. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the relationship between sleep and AR risk. Furthermore, to determine the best-fitted model among independent variables such as sleep duration, sleep time, and the combination of sleep duration and sleep time, we used Akaike Information Criteria (AIC) to compare models. A total of 43,337 boys and 41,665 girls reported a diagnosis of AR at baseline. The odds ratio increased with age and with higher education and economic status of the parents. Further, students in mid-sized and large cities had stronger relationships to AR than those in small cities. In both genders, AR was associated with depression and suicidal ideation. In the analysis of sleep duration and sleep time, the odds ratio increased in both genders when sleep duration was <7 hours, and when the time of sleep was later than 24∶00 hours. Our results indicate an association between sleep time and duration and AR. This study is the first to focus on the relationship between sleep duration and time and AR in national survey data collected over 6 years.
Highlights
The 2008 Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma initiative reported that about 500 million individuals suffer from allergic rhinitis (AR) globally [1]
The association between current smoking status and AR in boys was statistically significant, with an odds ratio of 0.92 for smoking compared with nonsmoking
This study focused on the adolescent population aged 12–18 years
Summary
The 2008 Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma initiative reported that about 500 million individuals suffer from allergic rhinitis (AR) globally [1]. There is evidence that the prevalence of AR is increasing [1]. According to the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey (KYRBWS-V), the percentage of middle- and high- school students diagnosed with AR gradually increased in Korea from 2007 to 2012, from 24.5% in 2007 to 26.3% in 2008, 27.9% in 2009, 32.2% in 2010, 33.9% in 2011, and 33.9% in 2012 [3]. AR has been classified as a major chronic respiratory disease with growing prevalence [1]. A number of studies reported that AR negatively impacts quality of life (QOL) [4,5,6,7,8,9]. The presence of AR symptoms such as nasal congestion, sneezing, nasal itching, and anterior and posterior rhinorrhea is a risk factor for decreasing QOL [4]
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