Does Mobile Instant Messaging (MIM) affect power redistribution? Evidence from a Malaysian school management organization

Abstract

Mobile Instant Messaging (MIM) applications, such as WhatsApp and Telegram, are widely used by organizations in Malaysia for communication, information sharing, and decision-making due to their attractive and user-friendly features. However, most of the previous research on MIM has focused on usage, overlooking its impact on power distribution within organizations. As a result, the profound effect of MIM on power relations can take organizations by surprise. This study aims to fill this gap by exploring the impact of MIM on power relations in an organization. A case study was conducted on the use of MIM for work management in a primary school. Interviews were conducted with teachers, the District Education Officer, and members of the Parents-Teachers Association. The study found that MIM usage for work management expands the user's personal power and authority in the organization. Members reported feeling more control over work-related issues, and MIM usage blurred traditional organizational boundaries. The analysis yielded three key elements: building connections, blurring boundaries, and expanding authority/personal control. The study's findings are presented as an extended model.