Abstract
Purpose. To determine if the MMP-9 genotype has an influence on development of pituitary adenoma (PA). Methodology. The study enrolled n = 86 patients with PA and n = 526 healthy controls (reference group). The genotyping of MMP-9 was carried out using the real-time polymerase chain reaction method. Results. Our data demonstrated that the MMP-9 (–1562) C/C genotype was more frequent in PA group than in healthy controls (81.4% versus 64.6%, p = 0.002); C/C genotype was more frequently present in PA females compared to healthy control females, 81.5% versus 64.6%, p = 0.018, as well. MMP-9 (–1562) C/C genotype was frequently observed for all subgroups: noninvasive and invasive, nonrecurrence, and inactive PA compared to healthy controls: 81.8% versus 64.6%, p = 0.021; 81.0% versus 64.6%, p = 0.041; 81.8% versus 64.6%, p = 0.005; 100.0% versus 64.6%, p < 0.001, respectively. MMP-9 (–1562) C/C genotype was more frequent in inactive PA compared to active PA: 100.0% versus 71.4%; p < 0.001. Conclusion. MMP-9 (–1562) C/C genotype plays a role in nonrecurrence, inactive, and invasive as well as in nonivasive PA development.
Highlights
Most of the pituitary tumours are pituitary adenomas (PAs): benign, slow-growing neoplasms that arise from cells of the pituitary gland
Our data demonstrated that the matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)-9 (–1562) C/C genotype was more frequent in PA group than in healthy controls (81.4% versus 64.6%, p = 0.002); C/C genotype was more frequently present in PA females compared to healthy control females, 81.5% versus 64.6%, p = 0.018, as well
MMP-9 (–1562) C/C genotype was more frequently present in PA females compared to healthy control females: 81.5% versus 64.6%; p = 0.018; and C/T was less frequent in PA females compared to healthy females: 14.8% versus 32.3%; p = 0.01
Summary
Most of the pituitary tumours are pituitary adenomas (PAs): benign, slow-growing neoplasms that arise from cells of the pituitary gland. Pituitary adenomas may be distinguished anatomically as intrapituitary, intrasellar, diffuse, and invasive [4]. Invasive adenomas which account for approximately 35% of all pituitary neoplasms may invade the dura mater, cranial bone, or sphenoid sinus [5]. Great attention in the PA pathogenesis has been drawn to the search for new epigenetic and genetic factors [6]. Tumour cells must undergo several changes in molecular pathways in accordance with invasion-associated cellular activities, namely, cell-cell adhesion, cell-matrix adhesion and ectopic survival, migration, and proteolysis [7]. Invasive factors involve the heparinase, serine proteinases, cathepsins, and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) [8]. There are 24 different genes defined that code the expression
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