Do Outcomes of Meniscal Allograft Transplantation Differ Based on Age and Sex? A Comparative Group Analysis

Abstract

To analyze the effect of patient age, sex, and associated preoperative factors on patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures and graft survival following primary meniscal allograft transplantation (MAT). A prospectively collected database was retrospectively reviewed to identify patients who underwent primary MAT with a minimum of 2 years of follow up between 1999 and 2017. Demographic, intraoperative, and postoperative outcome data were collected for each patient. Postoperative outcomes were stratified based on age and sex, and comparative statistical analysis was performed between sexes, both >40 and <40. A total of 238 patients underwent primary MAT during the study period, of which 212 patients (mean age, 28.5 ± 9.0 years; range, 15.01-53.67 years) met the inclusion criteria with a mean follow-up of 5.1 ± 3.4 years (range 2.0-15.9 years). At final follow-up, patients ≥40 and <40 years of age demonstrated statistically significant improvements in nearly all PRO scores (P < .05 for both groups). There were no significant differences between either group for achievement of minimal clinically important difference for International Knee Documentation Committee (P= .48) or Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score symptoms (P= .76). Because of insufficient numbers, a statistically significant difference could not be demonstrated in reoperation rate (≥40: 1.49 ± 1.77 years, <40: 1.87 ± 1.98 years, P= .591), failure rate (≥40: 7/32 [21.9%], <40: 19/180 [10.6%], P= .072), or complication rate (≥40: 2/32 [6.3%], <40: 12/180 [6.7%], P= .930) based on age. Both sexes showed a significant improvement in PROs, whereas female patients were more likely to undergo revision surgery (P= .033), with no significant differences based on time to reoperation, failure, or complication rates. PROs similarly improved following MAT in both patients aged ≥40 and those <40 at final follow-up with no significant differences in minimal clinically important difference achievement rate, complication rate, reoperation rate, time to reoperation, or failure rate between groups. Female patients may be more likely to undergo revision surgery after MAT. III; therapeutic retrospective comparison study.