Abstract
Population development is reflected by sustainable development indicators, among them are the indicators describing longevity and healthy aging. Longevity is reflected by life expectancy, and healthy aging is reflected by healthy life expectancy; high values of these indicators reflect good conditions of living for people. Life expectancy and healthy life expectancy analyses are of big interest among academics, policymakers, medical researchers, and others in order to direct the flow of funds in the most effective way possible to the population groups in most need. High life expectancy and low birth rate will lead to aging of the population, having profound implications on the school age population, politics, healthcare, labor force, social protection, social security issues, and public finances. Healthy life expectancy reflects health conditions, including the impacts of mortality and morbidity. As cardiovascular disease causes more than half of all deaths across Europe, this paper examines the influence of cardiovascular disease on longevity and healthy aging across Europe. The methodology was chosen so as to test the research hypotheses: (a) principal component analysis provided the socio-economic factors that are correlated to longevity and healthy aging; (b) regression analysis identified the relationship between healthy aging and cardiovascular disease; and (c) hierarchical cluster analysis allowed us to find common features of the groups of countries according to healthy aging and longevity.
Highlights
Longevity through life expectancy reflects the average number of years a person has to live if they would live the rest of their life under the age-related mortality of the reference period (Eurostat)
Healthy aging is reflected by life expectancy at 65 years of age, an important indicator for assessing population longevity by the aging phenomenon, as it is known that older people present poorer health and a higher mortality compared to younger people
Healthy life expectancy was introduced by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a summary measure of the health level attained by populations in the World Health Report 2000 [1]
Summary
Longevity through life expectancy reflects the average number of years a person has to live if they would live the rest of their life under the age-related mortality of the reference period (Eurostat). Each person’s life expectancy changes as the person ages or mortality trends change. Life expectancy at certain ages is very important in shaping life-cycle policies by gender, such as employment policies, retirement policies, and health care policies. Healthy aging is defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) as “the process of developing and maintaining the functional ability that enables wellbeing in older age”. Healthy aging is reflected by life expectancy at 65 years of age, an important indicator for assessing population longevity by the aging phenomenon, as it is known that older people present poorer health and a higher mortality compared to younger people. Healthy life expectancy was introduced by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a summary measure of the health level attained by populations in the World Health Report 2000 [1]
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