Abstract
Creation of new superior varieties of mango through the empowerment of local genetic resources requires information about the potential properties of mango germplasm, including DNA polymorphism and its genetic diversity. This research aimed to obtain basic data on DNA polymorphism, genetic relationship, genetic similarity level, and molecular accession of Bali’s unique local mango. Sampling was conducted in four regencies in the Province of Bali. DNA preparation, PCR, and microsatellite analysis were carried out at the Laboratory of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Gadjah Mada University. It found 44accessions of mangoes in Bali. The test results with 10 pairs of SSR markers showed that all primers produced polymorphic loci. There were 825 amplified DNA bands. Primer of AY31 produced the highest number of loci, which were 14 loci, while AY21 produced the fewest loci, i.e., 3 loci. Forty-four mango accessions showed a genetic similarity coefficient of 0.27 to 0.97. At a coefficient of 0.27, accessions were divided into 2 major groups: group A and group B. Group A consisted of two accessions, namely, KRA-005 and BDG-006 (Mangifera foetida Lour.), which had a similar coefficient of 0.657. Group B was divided into twosmaller groups, namely, groups B1 and B2, at a similarity coefficient of 0.342. Group B1 consisted of 39 accessions, while group B2 consisted of 3 accessions. Accessions Madu Anggur, Gading, Sambuk Mengwi, Kakul and Pakel Sulangai were identified as having unique alleles.
Highlights
Creation of new superior varieties of mango by empowering local genetic resources requires information about the potential properties of mango germplasm
Group A consisted of two accessions, namely, KRA-005 and BDG-006 (Mangifera foetida Lour.), which had a similar coefficient of 0.657
Group B was divided into two smaller groups, namely, groups B1 and B2, at a similarity coefficient of 0.342
Summary
Creation of new superior varieties (varietas unggul baru or VUB) of mango by empowering local genetic resources requires information about the potential properties of mango germplasm. Information about the potential properties is obtained through exploration and characterization of mango germplasm. The five species are Mangifera indica L., Mangifera foetida Lour., Mangifera caesia Jack, Mangifera odorata Griff., and Mangifera lalijiwa Kosterms. A quite indepth study of the characteristics of the Mangifera Caesia Jack was carried out by Rai et al (2008). Species of Mangifera indika L., Mangifera foetida Lour., Mangifera odorata Griff., and Mangifera lalijiwa Kosterms are still not much studied so that basic data on DNA polymorphism, genetic similarity, genetic relationship, and the molecular uniqueness of mango germplasm in Bali are very limited
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