Abstract
A fully customisable chip-on board (COB) LED design to evoke two brain responses simultaneously (steady state visual evoked potential (SSVEP) and transient evoked potential, P300) is discussed in this paper. Considering different possible modalities in brain-computer interfacing (BCI), SSVEP is widely accepted as it requires a lesser number of electroencephalogram (EEG) electrodes and minimal training time. The aim of this work was to produce a hybrid BCI hardware platform to evoke SSVEP and P300 precisely with reduced fatigue and improved classification performance. The system comprises of four independent radial green visual stimuli controlled individually by a 32-bit microcontroller platform to evoke SSVEP and four red LEDs flashing at random intervals to generate P300 events. The system can also record the P300 event timestamps that can be used in classification, to improve the accuracy and reliability. The hybrid stimulus was tested for real-time classification accuracy by controlling a LEGO robot to move in four directions.
Highlights
A fully customisable chip-on board (COB) LED design to evoke two brain responses simultaneously (steady state visual evoked potential (SSVEP) and transient evoked potential, P300) is discussed in this paper
Majority of the hardware for P300 and SSVEP stimuli are based on computer screens that are limited to screen refresh rates, which reduce portability and induce visual fatigue [8,14,15]
Four individual chip-on-board (COB) green LED radial stimuli were used in this study for SSVEP elicitation, which was individually controlled by microcontroller platforms to generate precise flicker frequencies
Summary
A fully customisable chip-on board (COB) LED design to evoke two brain responses simultaneously (steady state visual evoked potential (SSVEP) and transient evoked potential, P300) is discussed in this paper. Palaniappan / HardwareX 8 (2020) e00113 spectroscopy (fNIRS), electrocorticogram (ECoG), functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and electroencephalography (EEG) Amongst these techniques, EEG is widely used for BCI applications since the cost of the required hardware is low, noninvasive in nature and suitable for portable applications [4,5,6]. BCI systems have been enhanced by using multiple paradigms to improve accuracy and speed to control external applications [8,9,10,11,12] Possibility of detecting both P300 component and SSVEP activity simultaneously has been confirmed by previous studies [13]. Four individual chip-on-board (COB) green LED radial stimuli were used in this study for SSVEP elicitation, which was individually controlled by microcontroller platforms to generate precise flicker frequencies. Teensy sent the flicker event markers for each flash separately to the recording software
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