Abstract
Simple SummaryLittle is known about how the bacterial community differs among different genetic breeds of chickens, especially those with various growth rates, such as in local native chickens. Our data, generated by molecular detection revealed the heterogeneity of bacterial populations existing in different intestinal segments for the two strain of chickens.The objective of this study was to assess the relative abundance of bacteria microflora in different segments of the gastrointestinal tract (duodenum, jejunum, ilium, and cecum) of indigenous (local Omani) and commercial (Cobb 500) chicken strains. Birds were raised under an intensive management system fed a nonmedicated corn-soybean meal diet from Day 0–35 days of age. Using 16S rDNA-based analysis the study showed that in both breeds of birds Bacilli were the most abundant class of bacteria in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum. Local Omani chickens had significantly higher numbers of Clostridia at most time periods. Actinobacteria were found in higher numbers and reached 54.9% of the bacteria in the jejunum at Day 35 in Cobb 500 versus only 5.42% in the Omani chickens. The bacterial microbiota relative abundance differed significantly (p < 0.05) across different intestinal segments of the two strains, suggesting that each region developed its own bacterial community and the relative abundances of these were quite different.
Highlights
The study of gut microbiota in birds is beginning to blossom within the present scientific literature
Our data obtained for both breeds of chicken showed that each region of intestinal segments developed its own bacterial community and the diversity of the bacterial community changed from one age period to the
Our data generated by molecular detection and bioinformatics analysis revealed the heterogeneity heterogeneity of bacterial populations existing in different intestinal segments
Summary
The study of gut microbiota in birds is beginning to blossom within the present scientific literature. The composition of the intestinal microflora in chickens continues to change over time under the influence of different factors, such as bird age and dietary factors [1,2]. Each region of the GI tract develops its own unique microbial profile, and the composition of the microflora becomes more complex and changes in relation to the age of the chickens, different feed ingredients [4,5,6], breed and geographic location [7,8,9]. With the development of animal husbandry in Oman, local “indigenous” chicken production is becoming more widespread. Local chicken production is among the farming activities in the rural communities of Oman that provides opportunities for food security and income for many
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