Abstract
African indigenous vegetables need to be improved for yield and nutrient enhancement. This can initially be done through germplasm characterization to know the pattern of genetic diversity for germplasm collection, conservation, and plant breeding programme. This research work was carried out to elucidate the diversity present in forty genotypes of okra in Nigeria as regards their qualitative and quantitative traits together with their mineral elements using cluster analysis and principal component analysis so as to help breeders in crop improvement programmes to select appropriate parents to produce new and better varieties. The experiment was carried out at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Department of Crop, Soil and Pest Management, Federal University of Technology, Akure, during the rainy season in 2019. Principal component analysis and cluster analysis were employed to study the diversity present in the okra genotypes. There was great diversity among the forty genotypes of okra studied with respect to qualitative traits. There were highly significant differences P < 0.01 for all the quantitative characters, which indicated the presence of a great amount of diversity in all the characters studied. Single-linkage cluster analysis shows that, at 100% level of similarity, all the genotypes were distinct from one another. Results of the principal component analysis showed that 76.30% of the total variability among the okra genotypes evaluated in this study was accounted for the first five principal components. This study suggests that there is great diversity among the genotypes studied, which could be used by breeders for okra improvement.
Highlights
African indigenous vegetables need to be improved for yield and nutrient enhancement. is can initially be done through germplasm characterization to know the pattern of genetic diversity for germplasm collection, conservation, and plant breeding programme. is research work was carried out to elucidate the diversity present in forty genotypes of okra in Nigeria as regards their qualitative and quantitative traits together with their mineral elements using cluster analysis and principal component analysis so as to help breeders in crop improvement programmes to select appropriate parents to produce new and better varieties. e experiment was carried out at the Teaching and Research Farm of the Department of Crop, Soil and Pest Management, Federal University of Technology, Akure, during the rainy season in 2019
Principal component analysis and cluster analysis were employed to study the diversity present in the okra genotypes. ere was great diversity among the forty genotypes of okra studied with respect to qualitative traits. ere were highly significant differences (P < 0.01) for all the quantitative characters, which indicated the presence of a great amount of diversity in all the characters studied
Calcium is required for vascular contraction and vasodilation, muscle function, nerve transmission, intracellular signalling, and hormonal secretion [8]. e various research questions of this work include the following: Do all okra genotypes have the same fibre and elemental components? Do they have the same performance in terms of International Journal of Agronomy growth habit, flowering, and yield? Are there differences in the qualitative characters of the various genotypes? is problem can be solved through germplasm characterization to know the pattern of genetic diversity for germplasm collection, conservation, and plant breeding programme
Summary
Diversity in Phenotypic Traits and Mineral Elements of Okra Is research work was carried out to elucidate the diversity present in forty genotypes of okra in Nigeria as regards their qualitative and quantitative traits together with their mineral elements using cluster analysis and principal component analysis so as to help breeders in crop improvement programmes to select appropriate parents to produce new and better varieties. Ariyo and Odulaja [14] reported that variability is more pronounced in the number of days to flowering, plant height at maturity, and various fruit characters among okra germplasm, which could be significant to differentiate varieties of A. esculentus. Is study was carried out to determine the diversity present in forty genotypes of okra in Nigeria as regards their qualitative and quantitative traits together with their mineral elements using cluster analysis and principal component analysis. Percentage contribution of each trait to total genetic variability among the genotypes was determined by using principal component analysis while single-linkage cluster analysis was done to obtain a dendrogram to show the genetic relationships among the genotypes based on evaluation of the fourteen characters
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