Abstract
BackgroundBiocontrol is an effective strategy in the integrated management of plant diseases, now more as a necessity than choice, in the present era of environmental and health awareness. Microbial diversity is a wonder by nature that inspires to explore and accordingly, the diversity analysis of the isolated microbes revealed their morphological and molecular differences. The DNA provides a common platform to store the microbial information in the form of databases in public domain that can be used by anyone from anywhere.ResultsExploration for native microbes in the present study resulted in isolation of different isolates of Trichoderma and Bacillus. The microbes were identified using morphological traits and molecular markers and the key conserved 18S and 16S gene sequences submitted with the appropriate repositories. Nucleotide analysis indicated a close phylogenetic relationship between BIK 2 and BIK 3 (Bacillus isolates) and within all the 5 Trichoderma isolates. The percent disease reduction of Rhizoctonia solani and Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) was more in plants treated with consortia of the Trichoderma (61.13%) and Bacillus (53.59%) isolates, respectively. Screening of plant growth promotion activities, percentage increase in root (41.00%) and shoot length (44.77%) were found to be maximum in Trichoderma consortia treated plants.ConclusionsThree Bacillus and one Trichoderma strains, viz., B. velezensis, B. subtilis and B. paralicheniformis and Trichoderma asperellum, were identified and found to be effective against R. solani and Xoo pathogens of rice. In vitro and in vivo studies indicated that TAIK1 and BIK3 were found to be the most potential isolates among others isolated. Ability to improve plant growth was more pronounced by consortia of microbes.
Highlights
Biocontrol is an effective strategy in the integrated management of plant diseases, more as a necessity than choice, in the present era of environmental and health awareness
Isolation and identification of isolated pathogens The Trichoderma and Bacillus isolates collected from rice rhizosphere samples, one potential isolate of Trichoderma, viz., T7 and 3 isolates of Bacillus, viz., B2, B3 and B4, were considered for further studies on the basis of the growth rate, colony morphology and in vitro screening against the pathogens
Several antagonistic bacteria and fungi belonging to the genus Bacillus and Trichoderma were isolated from the native rice soils from in and around Hyderabad, Telangana
Summary
Biocontrol is an effective strategy in the integrated management of plant diseases, more as a necessity than choice, in the present era of environmental and health awareness. Species belonging to the genera Trichoderma, Bacillus and Pseudomonas are more commonly found in the plant rhizosphere that help in the growth promotion of the plants and induce resistance/tolerance against biotic and abiotic stresses. These microbes suppress the pathogens either directly by contact or indirectly by releasing certain chemical compounds and releasing plant growth promoting hormones that helps in healthy growth and development of crops (Abo-Elyousr et al 2019). The present study was to isolate native Trichoderma and Bacillus isolates from the rhizosphere of different rice growing regions of Telangana, India, establishing their identity, potential for growth promotion and efficiency to suppress Xanthomonas oryzae pv. The present study was to isolate native Trichoderma and Bacillus isolates from the rhizosphere of different rice growing regions of Telangana, India, establishing their identity, potential for growth promotion and efficiency to suppress Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) and Rhizoctonia solani, the 2 major pathogens causing bacterial blight and sheath blight diseases of rice, respectively
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