Abstract
A diurnal cycle of ketamine and gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB)-induced catatonia was demonstrated in chicks. The response to ketamine and GHB was lowest at mid-light and highest at mid-dark. Pinealectomy abolished the dark-induced increase in response to both agents. Sham-pinealectomized chicks responded in the same manner as did intact chicks. When chicks were pretreated with serotonin, N-acetylserotonin or melatonin, the ketamine response was augmented. Melatonin was the most potent in augmenting the ketamine response of those indoleamines tested. The pineal gland, associated with the dark period of the day, appears to influence response to both ketamine and GHB in the chick.
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