Abstract
BackgroundMedicinal and aromatic plants exhibit important pharmacological activities to human. The present study evaluates the diuretic activity of aqueous extract of Merremia emarginata (MEAE).MethodsFemale Wistar albino rats were used for diuretic activity in vivo studies. Urinary hippuric acid of treated animal group was successfully quantified by RP-HPLC. UPLC-MS/MS is used for the identification of important bioactive compound in MEAE.ResultsDiuretic activity was confirmed through analyzing the disparity in total volume and diuretic markers (total sodium and potassium concentration of urine) which was compared to normal group rats. MEAE plays a crucial role for inducing diuretics without side effects such as glycosuria or proteinuria. This activity was significantly high (p < 0.05) compared to control group rats and diuretic responsible polyphenolic compound chlorogenic acid was identified in MEAE through RP-HPLC and UPLC-MS/MS.ConclusionHippuric acid is a byproduct of chlorogenic acid and reported to be responsible for inducing diuretics. Secondary metabolites such as chlorogenic acid and their byproducts might be responsible for diuretic activity. Hippuric acid can act as a diuretic agent as well as it could be used as a biomarker to detect the polyphenolics induced diuretic activity. M. emarginata can act as an excellent diuretic agent, without causing any harmful side effects.
Highlights
Medicinal and aromatic plants exhibit important pharmacological activities to human
Mean ± standard deviation (SD) obtained from analysis of three independent samples, in duplicate abcde; In each column, the superscript letters significantly differences in the mean at (P < 0.05) level
Based on the results we conclude that the M. emarginata can act as a good diuretic agent, without causing any side effects such as proteinuria or glycosuria
Summary
Medicinal and aromatic plants exhibit important pharmacological activities to human. The present study evaluates the diuretic activity of aqueous extract of Merremia emarginata (MEAE). F.) belongs to family Convolvulaceae is prevalent throughout India and tropical region of Asia This plant is uncultivated food crop used by people in India as green leaf vegetable and creeping perennial herb rooting at the nodes. A day’s many commercial diuretic drugs available in the market are class of thiazide (chlorothiazide, hydrochlorothiazide etc), loop (furosemide, bumetanide etc), K+ sparing (amioloride, eplerenone etc) and CA inhibitors (acetazolamide, dichlorphenamideetc). These commercial diuretics drugs have variety of side effects such as hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis, dehydration (hypovolemia), leading to hypotension, fever, cough, unusual bleeding, excessive weight loss, nausea, vomiting [5]. Wright et al [6] reported that about hundreds of medicinal plants
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