Disturbance of ecological balance of microbiocenosis in radioactively contaminated soils of Ukrainian Polissya

Abstract

The consequences of the accumulation of anthropogenic radionuclides (RN) and their effect on the microbiocenosis of the Polissya soils for decades that have passed since the Chornobyl accident have been analyzed. The content of RN in the soil gradually decreases over time, but the process is very slow. The natural processes of the disintegration of the RN for decades since the Chornobyl accident have made significant adjustments to the structure of their distribution on the territory of Ukraine. The main battery RII remains the soil cover. The pH of the soil in the course of time gradually decreases, but the process is very slowly. The greatest sorption properties are characterized by black earth, and the smallest — peatlands. The soil cover for centuries has become the main reservoir of the Chornobyl Nuclear Power Plant and will continue to accumulate in the next several centuries, and the soil ecosystems undergo the greatest radiation pressure and 30 years later. Violation of.the ecological balance in nature led to changes in the microcenoses of the biosphere. The long-term consequences of the Chornobyl disaster for microbiota are very’ complex, they can be more dangerous than it seems today. After all, the consequence of the aftereffect is that the rate of change in populations of microorganisms is high enough due to the rapid pace of change in generations, compared with the rate of change in populations in plants and animals. Mechanisms of immobilization and mobilization of the RN of microorganisms — the most important moments of natural biogeochemical cycles. The distribution of microbiota on the profile of the soil, especially in the surface layer, the taxonomic composition and its functional diversity, has been changed with a number of ecological indexes.