Abstract
Mosquitoes are one of the insects that have an important role as vectors of disease agents. The diseases transmitted by mosquitoes are still public health problems in Indonesia especially in East Java Province, for example, Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF). DHF is a very alarming disease because the occurrence of this epidemic is no longer just confined to certain geographic locations. At present, Mojokerto is a district in East Java region known as endemic for DHF in Indonesia. The number of cases in this district tends to rise and expand distributed. The spread pattern of dengue cases in this district is not certainly known. The aim of this research is to determine the distribution pattern of mosquitoes and its relationship between elevation and density of Aedes aegypti in the Mojokerto district that caused dengue virus transmission. Sampling was conducted at two locations in the Mojokerto district, in the urban and rural, namely Prajurit Kulon for urban and Dlanggu for rural. We used survey for mosquito larvae by WHO standard and for mosquito eggs by ovitrap. The coordinates of sampling locations are recorded using GPS and then identification of mosquitoes is performed at the Laboratory of Ecology and Animal Diversity, University of Brawijaya. Quantitative data were analyzed to determine the abundance, relative abundance, frequency, relative frequency and IVI (Importance Value Index). Mosquito distribution patterns were analyzed with Morisita index. The research findings indicated that there are five mosquitoes species consisted of Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus, Aedes laniger, Culex bitaeniorchynchus and Culex quinquefasciatus. Aedes aegypti is the dominant species in urban area while Culex quinquefasciatus is the dominant species in rural area. Morisita index showed that mosquito dispersal on patterns in Mojokerto district is uniform. The elevation of the area and density of Aedes aegypti has a positive correlation.
Highlights
Dengue hemorrhagic fever is one of the most important viral diseases in the world
Mosquitoes were found in Mojokerto district consist of five species: were Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus, Aedes laniger, Culex bitaeniorchynchus and Culex quinquefasciatus
Aedes aegypti is the dominant species as the highest Importance Value Index (IVI) value
Summary
Dengue hemorrhagic fever is one of the most important viral diseases in the world. Dengue viruses are among the most widely distributed and significant arthropod-borne viruses (Arboviruses) affecting humans. DHF potentially affects 2.5 billion people and more than 100 tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world [1,2]. Dengue is one of the most serious health problems in Indonesia, with Aedes aegypti acting as the vector [3]. DHF outbreaks have been recorded in Surabaya area since 1986. DHF virus is transmitted to human through the bites of infective female Aedes sp. (Diptera: Culicidae) mosquitoes [4] DHF virus is transmitted to human through the bites of infective female Aedes sp. (Diptera: Culicidae) mosquitoes [4]
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