Distribution of phytoplankton diversity and abundance in Maspari island waters, South Sumatera, Indonesia

Abstract

Phytoplankton diversity is one of eutrophication indicator in Maspari island, south Sumatra, but its existence is strongly influenced by the physical-chemical parameters of the waters. This study aims to determine the distribution of phytoplankton diversity and their relationship with physical-chemical parameters in the waters of Maspari island. The methodology of research carried out was the physical-chemical parameter data collection, and phytoplankton samples were taken randomly on the surface of the water of 20 stations. Samples were identified types, analysed diversity, dominance and abundance calculations. For the relationship between diversity and abundance of phytoplankton with physical-chemical parameters of water carried out by principal component analysis (PCA). The results obtained that some of the physical-chemical parameters of Maspari Island waters have high variations such as turbidity ranging from 17,313 to 89,313 FTU. Current speed about 0.0-1,418 m.s−1. Dissolved oxygen about 3.78±0.18-6.18±0.15 mg.1−1. Nutrient concentrations such as NO3 about 0-0.28 mg.l−1 and PO4 about 0-0.2 mg.1−1, while the other parameters were smaller variations. Phytoplankton types found in four classes, namely Coscinodiscophyceae (7 species) with an abundance of 121,910.82 cell.m−3 (49%), Dinophyceae (4 species) with an abundance of 54,649.68 cell.m−3 (26%), Bacillariophyceae (3 species) with an abundance of 56,050.95 cell.m−3 (23%), and Fragilariophyceae (1 species) with an abundance of 5,605.09 cell.m−3 (2%). Diversity index shows low to moderate categories, while dominance in categories tends to dominate. PCA results showed that the physical-chemical parameters of the Maspari island waters of the identifier is the temperature, density, nitrate, salinity, DO and phosphate.