Abstract
The distribution of acetic, n-propionic, n-butyric, n-valeric, and n-caproic acids between various organic solvents and 0·10 M (Na, H)ClO 4 solution has been studied at 25°C. Organic solvents used include cyclohexanone, 2-ethylhexyl alcohol, isopropyl ether, nitrobenzene, 1,2-dichloroethane chloroform, benzene, carbon tetrachloride, cyclohexane, n-hexane, toluene, chlorobenzene and isopropylbenzene. The distribution data have been explained in terms of the distribution of the monomer molecules and the dimerization of the monomer molecules in the organic phase for most of the organic solvents studied and in terms of only the distribution of the monomer molecules in the case of 2-ethylhexyl alcohol and cyclohexanone. The regular solution theory is useful to explain the solvent effect on the distribution of monomeric acids and the increment of distribution coefficient with increasing number of carbon atoms in carboxylic acids.
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