Abstract
BackgroundP. aeruginosa is a nosocomial pathogen of global concern due to its hospital-acquired infections and antibacterial resistance. Aminoglycoside is a common treatment alternative for infections caused by this bacterium. This study investigated the distribution of aminoglycoside modifying enzymes (AMEs) and 16S rRNA methylase in P. aeroginosa isolated from Guilan province, Iran. Materials and methodsDuring the eight months of study, 122 isolates of P. aeruginosa were collected from clinical specimens. Three common aminoglycoside susceptibility tests were performed and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined using disk diffusion method and broth-microdilution testing. AMEs and 16S rRNA methylase variants in test bacteria were detected by PCR assay. ResultsIn this study, 51 (41.8%) P. aeruginosa isolates were pan aminoglycoside resistant and according to MIC level, 40 (32.8%) isolates showed high levels of resistance. The most prevalent aminoglycoside resistance genes in test isolates were ant(2″)-Ia and aac(6′)-Ib, which were detected in 85% and 71.2% of the resistant isolates, respectively. rmtC and ant(4′)Ia were not detected in any isolates. All high-level aminoglycoside-resistant isolates, multiple modifying enzyme genes, were investigated with 23 different gene combinations comprised of 2–5 AMEs and 16S rRNA methyltransferases. ConclusionHigh-level carriage of different aminoglycoside resistance genes in P. aeruginosa isolates indicates the reduced effectiveness of this class of antibacterials, hence the necessity of producing effective antibacterial agents stable in the presence of these resistance genes.
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