Abstract
The advanced degradation and desertification processes, resulting from the anthropization of the semi-arid region of Brazil has led to an increasing need for research on the status of the occurrence of plant species. Schinopsis brasiliensis Engler, popularly known as "barauna", is recognized both for its exuberance and the use of its wood for different purposes. This species occurs in the Northeast and Midwest regions of Brazil and can be found in the Cerrado and Caatinga phytogeographic domains. This study aimed to analyze the local and regional distribution and abundance of S. brasiliensis in six municipalities in different regions of Paraíba State, as well as to perform the current and predictive modeling of the ecological niche of this species in the northeast region of Brazil, considering bioclimatic variables. On a state scale, this research was conducted in six rural communities, previously selected from studies already carried out by the Ethnobiology and Environmental Sciences Laboratory of the Federal University of Paraíba. On a regional scale, current and predictive modeling of the species' ecological niche was used, considering bioclimatic variables, based on data obtained from the WorldClim database (www.worldclim.org). The data showed a heterogeneous distribution in the populations of S. brasiliensis. The high number of adult specimens may indicate low resource extraction. Climate change, in different scenarios, does not significantly affect the distribution of the study species in the Northeastern Region of Brazil.
Highlights
The Northeastern Region of Brazil has an area of approximately 1,554,292 km2, which is covered by a semi-arid domain of about 877,317 km2 (IBGE, 2011), occupying 56.44% of the region and accounting for 25 million people (MMA, 2009)
Based on the coefficients of variation [CV (%)], height, and perimeter, it can be suggested that the species has a heterogeneous pattern, indicating the presence of specimens in various classes, which can be a good finding, considering the ecological succession process, which may indicate a recovery process of S. brasiliensis and recruitment of its young specimens
The determination of these parameters with the number of specimens is very important since several characteristics of the target vegetation can be inferred, such as management and preservation and conservation intensities (Alcoforado-Filho et al, 2003; Herrera et al, 2009; Longhi et al, 2013). Based on this importance presented by the aforementioned literature, the data obtained in our study are useful and relevant for future actions aimed at the management and conservation of this important species in the semi-arid region of Brazil
Summary
The Northeastern Region of Brazil has an area of approximately 1,554,292 km2, which is covered by a semi-arid domain of about 877,317 km2 (IBGE, 2011), occupying 56.44% of the region and accounting for 25 million people (MMA, 2009). This study aimed to assess the local and regional distribution and abundance of S. brasiliensis in six municipalities in different regions of Paraíba, in addition to performing current and predictive modeling of the species’ ecological niche in the northeast region of Brazil, considering bioclimatic variables.
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