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Abstract
BackgroundThe importance of L1 expression in the matured brain is suggested by physiological and behavioral studies showing that L1 is related to hippocampal plasticity and fear conditioning. The distribution of L1 in mouse brain might provide a basis for understanding its role in the brain.ResultsWe examined the overall distribution of L1 in the adult mouse brain by immunohistochemistry using two polyclonal antibodies against different epitopes for L1. Immunoreactive L1 was widely but unevenly distributed from the olfactory bulb to the upper cervical cord. The accumulation of immunoreactive L1 was greatest in a non-neuronal element of the major fibre bundles, i.e. the lateral olfactory tract, olfactory and temporal limb of the anterior commissure, corpus callosum, stria terminalis, globus pallidus, fornix, mammillothalamic tract, solitary tract, and spinal tract of the trigeminal nerve. High to highest levels of non-neuronal and neuronal L1 were found in the grey matter; i.e. the piriform and entorhinal cortices, hypothalamus, reticular part of the substantia nigra, periaqueductal grey, trigeminal spinal nucleus etc. High to moderate density of neuronal L1 was found in the olfactory bulb, layer V of the cerebral cortex, amygdala, pontine grey, superior colliculi, cerebellar cortex, solitary tract nucleus etc. Only low to lowest levels of neuronal L1 were found in the hippocampus, grey matter in the caudate-putamen, thalamus, cerebellar nuclei etc.ConclusionL1 is widely and unevenly distributed in the matured mouse brain, where immunoreactivity was present not only in neuronal elements; axons, synapses and cell soma, but also in non-neuronal elements.
Highlights
The importance of L1 expression in the matured brain is suggested by physiological and behavioral studies showing that L1 is related to hippocampal plasticity and fear conditioning
In the central nervous system (CNS), L1 is expressed in the developing olfactory bulb, cerebellum and spinal cord [2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9]
Physiological study has suggested the importance of L1 in the mature brain; i.e. neural L1 is involved in Schaffer-collateral long term potentiation (LTP), because it is interfered with on the application of L1-specific antibodies and recombinant L1 fragments [12]
Summary
The importance of L1 expression in the matured brain is suggested by physiological and behavioral studies showing that L1 is related to hippocampal plasticity and fear conditioning. Physiological study has suggested the importance of L1 in the mature brain; i.e. neural L1 is involved in Schaffer-collateral long term potentiation (LTP), because it is interfered with on the application of L1-specific antibodies and recombinant L1 fragments [12]. The distribution pattern of L1 might provide a basis for understanding its roles in LTP, fear conditioning, and other unknown functions in the brain. For this reason, we studied the total distribution of L1 in the adult mouse CNS using specific polyclonal antisera against full-length L1 and the C-terminal cytoplasmic domain of L1 at the light microscopic level. We identified novel sites of L1 immunoreactivity in various regions of the brain
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