Abstract
Multi-level decisions on sensor detection is able to improve the detection performance on the final decision made at the fusion center (FC) in wireless sensor networks (WSN). In this paper, the performance analysis of an M-ary signaling (MS) scheme using analog transmission and a k-bit transmission (KB) scheme is both examined for distributed binary detection. Under the multi-level decision algorithms, each sensor sends a signal carrying the information of a quantized version of a local decision statistic such as the conditional mean or the log-likelihood ratio. In MS, the output of the quantizer is transmitted directly without digitalizing and coding process, while in KB, each quantization output is coded with k bits and hereby a sensor sends a k-bit hard local decision to the FC. At the FC, the linear combiner detection rule on the transmission schemes is both adopted to make the final decision. The effects of the sensor decision and the transmission errors are incorporated in the analysis of the erroneous performance of the final decision. The goal of the proposed schemes is to minimize the final errors at the FC via optimizing the region allocation on the multi-level decision at the sensor. The numerical results illustrate that the proposed schemes achieve significant improvement in error performance over the conventional schemes under either additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel or Rayleigh faded channel.
Highlights
Distributed detection fusion using multiple sensors has been employed in a wide variety of applications in wireless sensor networks (WSN), including power spectrum sensing in cognitive radios [1,2,3], environmental and structural monitoring in wireless sensor networks [4,5,6], intruder detection in surveillance systems [7, 8], and wireless communications [9]
The flooring of the curves at high SNR is due to the fact that the erroneous behavior of the transmitted signal to the fusion center (FC) vanishes as SNR increases and the behavior is dominated by the decision errors made by the sensors only
No significant difference is observed between the two algorithms, which indicates, unlike the MAP rule in M -ary signaling (MS), sharing the information of pn’s at the FC does not necessarily improve the performance of k-bit transmission (KB)
Summary
Distributed detection fusion using multiple sensors has been employed in a wide variety of applications in wireless sensor networks (WSN), including power spectrum sensing in cognitive radios [1,2,3], environmental and structural monitoring in wireless sensor networks [4,5,6], intruder detection in surveillance systems [7, 8], and wireless communications [9]. Each sensor transmits a signal to the fusion center (FC) carrying the information of its decision in accordance with the quantization level of its observation. In contrast to the binary local decision case, many works have studied the case of soft-decision fusion, in which the sensor observation is divided into M regions, where M is an arbitrary integer with M > 2 [1, 2, 11,12,13,14,15,16,17]. If the local decision is digitally transmitted to the FC via multiple bits, the scheme is defined as k-bit transmission (KB) and the number of the quantization levels on the observation is restricted to 2k.
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