Abstract
Dynamins and their related proteins participate in the regulation of neurotransmission, antigen presentation, receptor internalization, growth factor signalling, nutrient uptake, and pathogen infection. Recently, emerging findings have shown dynamin proteins can also contribute to the genesis of cancer. This up-to-date review herein focuses on the functionality of dynamin in cancer development. Dynamin 1 and 2 both enhance cancer cell proliferation, tumor invasion and metastasis, whereas dynamin 3 has tumor suppression role. Antisense RNAs encoded on the DNA strand opposite a dynamin gene regulate the function of dynamin, and manipulate oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. Certain dynamin-related proteins are also upregulated in distinct cancer conditions, resulting in apoptotic resistance, cell migration and poor prognosis. Altogether, dynamins are potential biomarkers as well as representing promising novel therapeutic targets for cancer treatment. This study also summarizes the current available dynamin-targeted therapeutics and suggests the potential strategy based on signalling pathways involved, providing important information to aid the future development of novel cancer therapeutics by targeting these dynamin family members.
Highlights
Cancer is associated with features of dysregulated cell proliferation and increased migration of tumor cells, resulting in aggressive cell invasion and metastatic disorders
Not all the endocytosis requires clathrin, for example, in quiescent nerve endings a slow endocytosis can occur independent of dynamin and clathrin, in an intense stimulation condition, a fast endocytosis can occur as stimulation recruits dynamin, clathrin, clathrin adaptor protein 2 (AP2) complex, and amphiphysin to increase protein internalization (Figure 1)
Each dynamin isoform contributes to various types of cancer development by regulating endocytosis, cytokinesis, cell migration, invasion, and prognosis
Summary
Cancer is associated with features of dysregulated cell proliferation and increased migration of tumor cells, resulting in aggressive cell invasion and metastatic disorders. Certain dynamin-related proteins are upregulated in distinct cancer conditions, resulting in apoptotic resistance, cell migration and poor prognosis.
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