Abstract
A layered sodium-ion battery cathode Na34Mn1116Ni316Al216O2 (NMNA) prepared in P3 and P2 polytype structures by varying the calcination temperature is systematically investigated for its structural and electrochemical behavior. P3-phase prepared at 650 °C delivered a higher initial capacity of 164 mAh/g (∼148 mAh/g for P2-phase calcined at 850 °C) at 0.1C. In contrast, the P2-phase sample exhibited better rate performance (87 mAh/g vs. 70 mAh/g for P3-phase at 4C) and capacity retention of ∼47 % after 200 cycles (only ∼26 % for P2-phase). Electrochemical impedance measurements before and after cycling confirmed that the increase in charge transfer resistance is responsible for the poor rate performance of the P3 phase.
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