Abstract
Abstract A 61-year-old man with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) developed disseminated cryptococcal infection, diagnosed 7 months after commencement of acalabrutinib, a Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of cryptococcal infection occurring in a patient being treated with acalabrutinib (with approximately 10 cryptococcal infections previously related to ibrutinib). Other unusual features included the development of mild hypercalcemia, which has been a rare complication of cryptococcal infection, and a probable immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome–like response to extensive pulmonary cryptococcal infection. The case further emphasizes the need for vigilance for possible invasive fungal infection (particularly Cryptococcus) in patients treated with Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
Published Version
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