Disposable nanosensor for the electrochemical determination of the interaction between DNA, and a mycotoxin, patulin

Abstract

Silicon dioxide nanoparticles were synthesized and disposable screen-printed electrodes were modified with these nanoparticles to electrochemically detect the interaction between DNA and patulin, a mycotoxin. Firstly, the synthesized silicon dioxide nanoparticles were chemically characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). Microscopic characterization of the nanoparticles was performed by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The surface of the silicon dioxide nanoparticle-modified screen-printed electrode was characterized by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). SiNP modification resulted in a 2-fold increase in surface area and a 2.3-fold enhancement in the signal. The detection limit (LOD) for the electrochemical patulin determination was calculated as 1.15 µg/mL, and the linear concentration range was found to be 3.2–20 µg/mL. The mode of interaction between patulin and dsDNA was determined through a molecular docking study. After the interaction between patulin and dsDNA, approximately 86 % and 23 % decreases were observed in patulin and guanine oxidation signals, respectively. The S % value for patulin was calculated by utilizing the decrease in the guanine signal after the interaction.