Abstract
A new mechanism of thermalization involving a direct energy cascade is obtained in the truncated Gross-Pitaevskii dynamics. A long transient with partial thermalization at small scales is observed before the system reaches equilibrium. Vortices are found to disappear as a prelude to final thermalization. A bottleneck that produces spontaneous effective self-truncation and delays thermalization is characterized when large dispersive effects are present at the truncation wave number. Order of magnitude estimates indicate that self-truncation takes place in turbulent Bose-Einstein condensates. This effect should also be present in classical hydrodynamics and models of turbulence.
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