Abstract
Increasing levels of fine environmental dust particles due to industrialization and emerging respiratory illnesses, such as coronavirus disease 2019, pose serious threats to human life. The use of organoids for disease modeling and drug screening has been proposed as a new treatment approach for respiratory diseases. As discussed in this review, various pathogen models, genetic disease models, and patient-derived lung cancer organoid models have been reported for disease modeling and drug testing using human airway organoids. Despite these promising recent advances, several issues must be addressed before the disease modeling potential of human airway organoids can be fully realized. If systematic methods to produce mature airway organoids can be developed, and reproducible organoid models can be implemented using standardized protocols, airway organoids will likely become valuable respiratory disease models and drug screening tools.
Highlights
Respiratory diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, acute respiratory infections, tuberculosis, and lung cancer represent a large and increasing public health burden; they are associated with high morbidity and mortality, and effective treatment regimens are currently lacking [1]
The use of organoids for disease modeling and drug screening has been proposed as a new treatment approach for respiratory diseases
As discussed in this review, various pathogen models, genetic disease models, and patient-derived lung cancer organoid models have been reported for disease modeling and drug testing using human airway organoids
Summary
Respiratory diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, acute respiratory infections, tuberculosis, and lung cancer represent a large and increasing public health burden; they are associated with high morbidity and mortality, and effective treatment regimens are currently lacking [1]. Organoids have received attention recently as tools for studying embryogenesis, as well as for their potential applications as disease models and transplantable mini-organs. Recent studies have focused on using airway organoids for modeling diseases and for high-throughput drug screening [4,7,8,9,10]. During the COVID-19 pandemic, human airway models were quickly used to study the pathology of infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and drug testing was conducted to explore treatments for viral infections [11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18]. Ease modeling and drug screening using human airway organoids, and discussed the future development and potential directions of airway organoid research
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