Discovery of a common light chain bispecific antibody targeting PD-1 and PD-L1 by Hybridoma-to-phage-to-yeast (H2PtY) platform

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Abstract Background Therapeutic antibody drugs targeting the PD-1 pathway are generally characterized by relatively low response rates and susceptibility to drug resistance during clinical application. Therefore, there is an urgent need for alternative therapeutic strategies to increase the immune response rate. Bispecific antibodies co-targeting PD-1 and PD-L1 may have greater potential to improve the efficacy of the immune checkpoint pathway. Method In this study, we developed a potent humanized common light chain IgG shape bispecific antibody, named JMB2005, based on Hybridoma-to-Phage-to-Yeast platform. The platform allowed us to discover common light chain bispecific antibody from traditional mice for any pair of given targets. Results JMB2005 exhibited favorable developability, good manufacturing property, and satisfactory efficacy, which could be given via subcutaneous injection at the concentration of 120 mg/mL. Mechanistically, JMB2005 could bridge tumor cells and T cells with both Fab arms and promote T-cells to function as direct tumor cell killers. It could also promote T cell activation by blocking the binding of PD-L1 to CD80. Furthermore, JMB2005 has exhibited a favorable half-life and has demonstrated promising anti-tumor therapeutic efficacy in vivo. Conclusion Consequently, the present study showed that the novel humanized common light chain bispecific antibody JMB2005 may represent a novel therapeutic agent of great clinical potential.