Abstract
This study aims to explore the style of other and self-translators in comparison with non-translated texts, assuming discourse presentation as an indicator of style. Theoretically, other and self-translators are considered different in their translation style. The reason is that self-translators enjoy more liberty and authority over the source text as compared to other-translators (Bozkurt, 2014; Cordingley, 2013). However, practically, previous studies have explored either the style of self-translators (Ehrlich, 2009) or other-translators (Saldanha, 2011). None of the studies has provided a comparison among these types. The current study is a pioneer in establishing general styles of self and other-translators. It explores three categories of literary texts i.e., by self-translators, other-translators and by Pakistani writers. Each category further comprises of three representative texts. They are, then, processed through AntConc 3.4.4 and tagged manually. The model of speech, writing and thought presentation proposed by Semino & Short (2004) based on Leech & Short’s (1981) model is used, as it encompasses all the presentation techniques employed in literary texts. Frequencies acquired through tagging are then normalized and results are presented in the form of graphs. Findings of the research reveal that both other and self-translators are character-oriented in their style. However, other-translators are more objective and reader-oriented with less interference from the narrator. In contrast, self-translators are more subjective with more intervention from the narrator. These results are significant for further researches concerning self and other-translators.
Highlights
Stylistic study of literary texts is a widespread notion with several researchers determining the general styles of authors on the basis of these texts
This study aims to explore the effect of choice of discourse presentation categories on the style of other-translators (Other Transl.) and self-translators (Self Transl.)
This section will present a comparative analysis of normalized frequencies of each discourse presentation category i.e. speech, thought and writing used among other-translators, self-translators and Pakistani writers
Summary
Stylistic study of literary texts is a widespread notion with several researchers determining the general styles of authors on the basis of these texts. (ibid.) to determine style; others explored style at a lexical level through collocations for example (Bernardini, 2007); whereas still others explored at sentential or pragmatic level through transitivity, modality and discourse presentation (Bosseaux, 2004). This particular study will focus on discourse presentation to determine the style of self and other-translation categories. Numerous researches have been conducted on discourse presentation in order to determine the style of translators (Bosseaux, 2004, 2004; Kuusi, 2016; Winters, 2005), they just focus on one or two subtypes or categories of discourse presentation. As none of the studies discussed style, discourse presentation style, of self and other-translators side by side in its entirety, this research will be a pioneer in characterizing the general style of self and other-translators
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