Abstract
This paper has made proposition of a nested array and an estimation algorithm for direction-of-arrival (DOA) of two-dimensional (2D) coherently distributed (CD) sources. According to the difference coarray concept, double parallel hole-free virtual uniform linear arrays are generated by virtue of vectorization operation on cross-correlation matrices of subarrays. Sensor coordinates of virtual arrays are derived. Rational invariance relationships of virtual arrays are derived. According to the rotational invariance relationships, matrices satisfying rotation invariance are constructed by extracting and regrouping the receive vectors of the virtual arrays, and then an estimation of signal parameters via rotational invariance techniques- (ESPRIT-) like framework on matrix reconstruction is deduced. Optimal configuration of the nested array as well as computational complexity are analyzed. Without pair matching, the proposed method can resolve more sources than the sensor number. Simulation outcomes indicate that the proposed method tends to have a better performance as compared to the traditional uniform arrays that have similar number of sensors.
Highlights
Traditional direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimators consider a target as a point source
We analyze the computational complexity of the method proposed in comparison with representative existing methods for 2D coherent distributed (CD) sources based on uniform arrays with the same sensor number M which are distributed signal parameter estimator (DSPE) using a L-shape array [12], Modified Propagator (MP) using treble parallel linear arrays (TPLA) [15], and SOS using double uniform circular arrays (DUCA) [19]
Rotational invariance relationship is an approximate resolution under small angular spread assumption; when the sensor number is bigger, later sensors in the virtual array are a result of more transitive relationships. e abovementioned two factors indicate that the proposed method can improve the estimation accuracy of DOA of 2D CD sources to a certain extent
Summary
Traditional direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimators consider a target as a point source. In this paper, based on a proposed nested array containing double parallel linear subarrays, a DOA estimator for 2D CD sources is presented. Afterwards, matrices satisfying rotation invariance are constructed using the receive vectors of the virtual arrays and a matrix reconstruction algorithm based on an ESPRIT-like framework is proposed.
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