Abstract
A land-based mobile mapping system (MMS) is flexible and useful for the acquisition of road environment geospatial information. It integrates a set of imaging sensors and a position and orientation system (POS). The positioning quality of such systems is highly dependent on the accuracy of the utilized POS. This limitation is the major drawback due to the elevated cost associated with high-end GPS/INS units, particularly the inertial system. The potential accuracy of the direct sensor orientation depends on the architecture and quality of the GPS/INS integration process as well as the validity of the system calibration (i.e., calibration of the individual sensors as well as the system mounting parameters). In this paper, a novel single-step procedure using integrated sensor orientation with relative orientation constraint for the estimation of the mounting parameters is introduced. A comparative analysis between the proposed single-step and the traditional two-step procedure is carried out. Moreover, the estimated mounting parameters using the different methods are used in a direct geo-referencing procedure to evaluate their performance and the feasibility of the implemented system. Experimental results show that the proposed system using single-step system calibration method can achieve high 3D positioning accuracy.
Highlights
Roads are perhaps the most important infrastructures for people’s quality of life
The drawback of incorporating these constraints to enforce consistent relative orientation parameters (ROPs) among the sensors is the associated complicated procedure for doing that, e.g., extensive partial derivatives as well as manual formatting of the camera pairs to be utilized in the relative orientation constraints (ROC)
Experimental results are presented to demonstrate the feasibility of the developed medium-cost land-based mobile mapping system (MMS) and test the validity of the proposed photogrammetric system calibration
Summary
Roads are perhaps the most important infrastructures for people’s quality of life. It is used for land vehicle transportation, and for providing the routes for power lines, sewer channels, water supplies, as well as TV and telephone cables. An efficient and accurate approach for the collection and updating of the road environment information is of extreme importance to the government and public sectors. The acquisition of geographic and attribute information about the road environment, such as traffic signs, road boundaries, sewer manholes, fire hydrants, advertisement boards, and building boundaries, are commonly performed by topographic mapping from large scale aerial photos and/or site surveying. Due to the visual limitations of aerial photos, the demand for site surveying, which is labor intensive and inefficient, is still quite high. The development of land-based mobile mapping systems (MMS) has been the focus of several research groups in order to reduce the required manpower and cost while maintaining the necessary accuracy and reliability
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