Abstract
Onion production is conditioned to the adopted techniques during the cultivation. Sowing depth, soil preparation and cultivars are determinant factors for productivity to be increased. Two experiments were developed, the first with the objective of evaluating the effect of sowing depths and soil preparation methods on the germination and development of onion seedlings, while the objective of the second was to evaluate the productivity of onion cultivars as a soil preparation function. In experiment I, the split plot scheme was adopted, where the main plots consisted on soil tillage methods (total area and bed) and in the subplots, the sowing depths (0.5; 1.0; 1.5 and 2.0 cm), with six replicates. Experiment II was carried out in a split plot scheme, in which the main plots consisted on soil tillage methods (total area and bed) and in the subplots, such as onion cultivars (Itajubá, Rainha, Salto Grande, Ômega, Mulata and BR29), with four replicates. The 1.5 cm sowing depth provided greater speed of germination and plant stand. Raising beds offers the best initial seedling development. The onion cultivation under beds offers the highest vegetative development and productivity.
Highlights
Onions are among the most consumed foods in the world
The experiment I has the objective of evaluating the effect of the sowing depths and soil preparation methods on the germination and development of onion seedlings, while the experiment II aimed to evaluate the productivity of onion cultivars in function of soil preparation
The experiment was carried out until the seedling emergence stabilized, in a split plot scheme, where the main plots consisted on two soil tillage methods and in the subplots, four sowing depths (0.5; 1.0; 1.5 and 2.0 cm) in a randomized block design with six replications
Summary
Onions are among the most consumed foods in the world. In Brazil it stands out alongside potatoes and tomatoes as one of the most economically important vegetables, in which its production in 2018 reached 1,538,499.00 t (IBGE, 2019). Various techniques are studied in order to increase the crop productivity, among them it can be mentioned the soil preparation, with harrows and raising of beds, as it presents the advantage of eliminating invasive plants, draining excess water and inducing the augmentation of the root system, the adoption of this technique has been discussed, due to the damage of the soil (Carvalho Filho et al, 2007) In this context, the development of production systems that ensure the environment balance and its resources, with the aim of reducing erosion processes caused by soil overturning are extremely important (Tavella et al, 2010). The seeds are susceptible to inclement weather such as rain and wind, in addition to encountering difficulties in absorbing water by decreasing the contact surface of the seed with the soil (Santos et al, 2019)
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