Abstract
The quality of soybean seeds is influenced by the amount of nutrients that are available for the germination and initial development of the seedlings. Thus, the aim of this research was to evaluate the influence of the nutritional content of the seeds and mineral supplementation via seed treatment on physiological quality, enzymatic activity and initial development of soybean seedlings. We assessed soybean seeds from two lots with low and high nutritional content, submitted or not to mineral supplementation via seed treatment. The physiological quality of seeds was assessed by the germination test and first germination count. The initial development of seedlings was evaluated by the tests of length and root system volume, shoot length, and cotyledons, roots and shoot dry matter. It was also determined the activity of α-amylase in cotyledons, acid phosphatase (APase) and guaiacol peroxidase (POD) in the roots and shoot. Mineral supplementation via seed treatment positively influenced the physiological quality and development of seedlings, and the activity of α-amylase in the cotyledons, POD and APase enzymes in the shoot from the low nutrient lot. Low nutrient seeds have characteristics of soybean seedling production similar to those of high nutrient content by using mineral supplementation via seeds.
Highlights
The performance of the soybean crop is highly influenced by the use of high quality seeds, which are capable of ensuring adequate plant stands in the field and reflecting higher yields
The level of physiological quality of the seeds depends on several factors, including the chemical composition, that is, the content of reserves (Seyyedi et al, 2015), since germination involves complex processes and their utilization is fundamental for the formation of new seedlings (Ishibashi et al, 2013)
When mineral fertilization occurs through seed treatment
Summary
The performance of the soybean crop is highly influenced by the use of high quality seeds, which are capable of ensuring adequate plant stands in the field and reflecting higher yields. The level of physiological quality of the seeds depends on several factors, including the chemical composition, that is, the content of reserves (Seyyedi et al, 2015), since germination involves complex processes and their utilization is fundamental for the formation of new seedlings (Ishibashi et al, 2013). The supplementation of seeds is not well understood regarding the activity enzymatic, physiological and morphological effects in germination and emergency from seeds with different nutritional contents. The incorrectly use of nutrients via seed treatment can cause economic losses in seed lots. It is necessary to explain the processes of activity physiological, enzymatic and morphological repercussions in order to be possible application of mineral supplementation in seeds lots that present real needs
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