Abstract
ABSTRACTWe report non-conducting aerosol fiber (i.e., glass fiber) alignment in a DC electric field. Direct observation of fiber orientation state is demonstrated and quantitative analysis of fiber alignment is made using phase contrast microscopy in four different conditions: (i) dry air and naturally charged fibers, (ii) humid and naturally charged, (iii) humid and neutralized (Boltzmann charge distribution), and (iv) humid and neutralized with an electrostatic precipitator upstream electrodes (i.e., non-charged). The glass fiber aerosols generated by a vortex shaking method were conditioned using a Po-210 neutralizer or humidifier and were provided into a test unit where cylindrical or parallel plate electrodes are used and high voltage is applied to them. Fibers were collected on a filter immediately downstream from the electrodes and their images were taken through an optical microscope to visualize the fiber orientation and measure the alignment angles and lengths of the fibers. The results showed t...
Highlights
IntroductionFiber alignment is a fundamental technology for fiber detection using light scattering in fiber monitoring instruments (Lilienfeld et al 1979; Lilienfeld 1987) and for fiber length separation by dielectrophoresis (Baron et al 1994; Deye et al 1999), and is important for material synthesis, including composites with a desirable property (Bubke et al 1997; Martin et al 2005; Takahashi et al 2006)
The results indicate that the enhancement of alignment in an electric field would be possible in humid air for other nonconducting fibrous particles having surface chemistry similar to glass fibers
We found out that under all four conditions tested above, airborne glass fibers could align in the electric field, indicating that the glass fibers can behave in a steady electric field somewhat like conductors of electricity
Summary
Fiber alignment is a fundamental technology for fiber detection using light scattering in fiber monitoring instruments (Lilienfeld et al 1979; Lilienfeld 1987) and for fiber length separation by dielectrophoresis (Baron et al 1994; Deye et al 1999), and is important for material synthesis, including composites with a desirable property (Bubke et al 1997; Martin et al 2005; Takahashi et al 2006). While alignment of fibers depends on their electric, magnetic, or aerodynamic properties in these fields, their alignment in electric and magnetic fields requires two main characteristics of fibers; polarization or magnetization and rotation of fibers, induced and exerted by the external fields. The degree to which an elongated particle (i.e., fiber) can be aligned and rotate to the direction of an applied field depends on effects of the rotating force, i.e., the interaction of the field and the dipole moment induced by polarization (Lilienfeld et al 1979). The theoretical principles underlying the alignment of airborne fibers in electric fields were examined by Fuchs in a study where the degree of particle alignment resulting from the torque exerted by an applied electric field was investigated (Fuchs 1964). The theoretical principles underlying the alignment of airborne fibers in electric fields were examined by Fuchs in a study where the degree of particle alignment resulting from the torque exerted by an applied electric field was investigated (Fuchs 1964). Lilienfeld (1985) observed experimentally the straightening of curled asbestos fibers in liquid by electrical field, indicating that axial force exerted by electric field on the fibers makes them aligned to the direction of electric field. Lilienfeld et al (1979) reported a prototype fibrous aerosol
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