Abstract
AbstractYield patterns and product quality have been determined for the direct coking of Athabasca tar sand. Temperature and vapor residence time are the key variables affecting yield; tar sand residence time has a minor impact in yield provided that a minimum contact time is achieved. Yields are not sensitive to the composition of tar sand feed. Yields from direct coking are similar to those from commercial bitumen coking processes; previously reported variations in direct coking yields can be reconciled when liquid product endpoint and coking severity are considered.Coke deposited on the sand is readily burned, producing a flue gas high in SO2 and particulates, and a free‐flowing sand. The sand settles readily from a slurry and disposal presents no obvious environmental concerns.
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