Direct cocktail analysis of drug discovery compounds in pooled plasma samples using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

Abstract

Direct plasma injection technology coupled with a LC–MS/MS assay provides fast and straightforward method development and greatly reduces the time for the tedious sample preparation procedures. In this work, a simple and sensitive bioanalytical method based on direct plasma injection using a single column high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) was developed for direct cocktail analysis of double-pooled mouse plasma samples for the quantitative determination of small molecules. The overall goal was to improve the throughput of the rapid pharmacokinetic (PK) screening process for early drug discovery candidates. Each pooled plasma sample was diluted with working solution containing internal standard and then directly injected into a polymer-coated mixed-function column for sample clean-up, enrichment and chromatographic separation. The apparent on-column recovery of six drug candidates in mouse plasma samples was greater than 90%. The single HPLC column was linked to either an atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) or electrospray ionization (ESI) source as a part of MS/MS system. The total run cycle time using single column direct injection methods can be achieved within 4 min per sample. The analytical results obtained by the described direct injection methods were comparable with those obtained by semi-automated protein precipitation methods within ±15%. The advantages and challenges of using direct single column LC–MS/MS methods with two ionization sources in combination of sample pooling technique are discussed.