Abstract
US assistance programs under the 1954 Agricultural Trade and Assistance Act (Public Law 480) put excess currency toward archaeology. “Winning hearts and minds” included the preservation and rehabilitation of historical monuments in-situ. These open-air museums represented a US commitment to research and tourism infrastructure. Yet, the branding and prestige of Egypt’s Abu Simbel broke the bank and led to a major shift in US policy that cut future funding for archaeological fieldwork. This chapter analyzes the correspondence of Lucius Battle at the US Department of State and US representative to UNESCO, as well as archaeologists Dr. George Hanfmann of Harvard University and director at Sardis and Dr. A. Henry Detweiler of Cornell University and president of the ASOR. I demonstrate the catastrophic consequences of the US Congressional decision for the Archaeological Exploration of Sardis and their vision to realize one of the largest restoration programs in Turkey at the time: the reconstruction of the Bath Gymnasium and Marble Court.
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