Abstract
Dilepton production from hot, dense and magnetized quark matter is studied using the three-flavor Polyakov loop extended Nambu--Jona-Lasinio (PNJL) model in which the anomalous magnetic moment (AMM) of the quarks is also taken into consideration. This is done by first evaluating the thermo-magnetic spectral function of the vector current correlator employing the real time formalism of finite temperature field theory and the Schwinger proper time formalism. The constituent quark mass which goes as an input in the expression of the dilepton production rate (DPR), has been calculated using the three-flavor PNJL model employing Pauli-Villiars (PV) regularization. The obtained constituent quark mass being strongly dependent on the temperature, density, magnetic field and AMM of the quarks, captures the effect of `strong' interactions specifically around the (pseudo) chiral and confinement-deconfinement phase transition regions. The analytic structure of the spectral function in the complex energy plane has been analyzed in detail and a non-trivial Landau cut is found in the physical kinematic domains resulting from the scattering of the Landau quantized quark/antiquark with the photon which is purely a finite magnetic field effect. Due to the emergence of the Landau cut along with the usual unitary cut, the DPR is found to be largely enhanced in the low invariant mass region. Owing to the magnetic field and AMM dependence of the thresholds of these cuts, we find that the kinematically forbidden gap between the Unitary and Landau cuts vanishes at sufficiently high temperature, density and magnetic field leading to the generation of a continuous spectrum of dilepton emission over the whole invariant mass region. In order to see the effects of strangeness and confinement-deconfinement, the rates are compared with the three-flavor NJL and the two-flavor NJL and PNJL models.
Highlights
It can be seen that in presence of background magnetic field, the constituent quark mass increases at T → 0 limit and the transitions to the symmetry restored phase take place at the larger values of temperature. This phenomenon is known as magnetic catalysis (MC) [33,34,35,36], which explains that the magnetic field has a strong tendency to enhance spin-zero fermion-antifermion condensates hΨ Ψi
Employing the real time formalism of finite temperature field theory and the Schwinger proper time formalism, we have evaluated the electromagnetic spectral function of the vector current correlator at finite temperature, chemical potential, external magnetic field, and anomalous magnetic moment (AMM) of the quarks in which the constituent quark mass M 1⁄4 MðT; μ; B; κÞ has entered as an input
The constituent quark mass is found to depend strongly on the external parameters like temperature (T), chemical potential (μ), magnetic field (B) and AMM (κ) of the quarks M 1⁄4 MðT; μ; B; κÞ and it essentially captures the effect of strong interactions around the chiral and confinementdeconfinement phase transition regions
Summary
The main objective of heavy ion collision (HIC) experiments in Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is to study deconfined state of strongly interacting quarks and gluons in local thermal equilibrium, commonly known as the quark-gluon plasma. [46], the DPR for a hot QGP matter in presence of arbitrary external magnetic field has been estimated using the effective fugacity quasi-particle model (EQPM) in which the effect of strong interactions are captured in the temperature dependent fugacities of the partons and significant enhancement is found in low invariant-mass region. Using NJL/PNJL model one can further modify the quark propagator by considering the magnetic field, temperature and density dependent constituent quark mass M 1⁄4 MðB; T; μÞ which is dynamically generated. [48], two-flavor NJL model in the presence of an arbitrary external magnetic field at finite temperature and baryon density including the anomalous magnetic moment (AMM) of the quarks was used and a continuous spectrum of the dilepton emission over the whole range of invariant mass was obtained at high magnetic field.
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