Digitalization of Kazakhstan agro-industrial complex in context of transition to green economy

Abstract

Transition of the economic development traditional model to the green economy is a modern necessity that determines development sustainability not only for individual national economies, but also for the entire planet. Therefore, the promotion of the green economy in Kazakhstan is the main and only true way of development. The purpose of this article is to study the relationship between introduction of digitalization in enterprises and the production development of the agro-industrial complex (AIC) of Kazakhstan in the context of green economy based on the current state analysis of an agro-industrial complex in the country and a forecast for its development. To assess the relationship between indicators of green growth and the introduction of new digital technologies, an inquiry was made of data on the development of innovations in technologies related to the environment. With the help of green growth indicators, directly according to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) for 2014–2018, Kazakhstan Bureau of Statistics and foresight studies forecast calculations made in this work. In addition, a mathematical model of the indicator “Gross agricultural output of Kazakhstan” was developed using regression analysis in the context of crop and livestock production in Kazakhstan for the period from 2014–2020, and forecast calculations of this indicator until 2025 are given. Thus, the methodology of this study is based on a comparative, statistical, mathematical and foresight analysis of international and state data on the development of the agro-industrial complex, digitalization and energy consumption (including renewable energy) in Kazakhstan. The results of the study showed that despite the consistently low rates of development of eco-technologies and the renewable energy sources usage in Kazakhstan, a high growth in agricultural GDP is predicted over the studied period. Based on the research results of target indicators of state programs, as well as the study of the agro-industrial complex problems and the possible effect on the introduction of digitalization, the active development of digitalization in all sectors of the agro-industrial complex can lead to «green» growth.